SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide designed to enhance mitochondrial function and protect cells from oxidative stress. ​

Mechanism of Action:

• Cardiolipin Stabilization: SS-31 binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane, preserving mitochondrial structure and function. ​
  
• Reduction of Oxidative Stress: By scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), SS-31 minimizes oxidative damage, thereby protecting mitochondrial DNA and proteins.
  

Potential Benefits:

• Improved Mitochondrial Function: SS-31 enhances ATP production, supporting cellular energy metabolism. ​
  
• Enhanced Exercise Tolerance: Studies have shown that SS-31 can improve exercise capacity by restoring redox balance and mitochondrial quality. 
• Cardiovascular Protection: SS-31 has demonstrated benefits in improving cardiac function and remodeling cardiolipin composition in animal models. ​Wikipedia+1PMC+1
  
• Neuroprotection: In models of cognitive impairment, SS-31 has been shown to improve cognitive functions by promoting mitochondrial and synaptic health.
  

While these findings are promising, it’s important to note that many studies have been conducted in preclinical settings. Further clinical trials are necessary to fully understand the therapeutic potential and safety profile of SS-31 in humans.